Jean Valjean, the protagonist of memorable Les Miserables, made a small theft, a form of bread to feed their grandchildren, orphaned by her father. Despite the noble motivation paid with 5 years' imprisonment (multiplied by the escape attempts): an emblematic case of disproportion between the amount of crime and punishment. Dante in the role of man of the law or a judge would have done better with his law of retaliation, targeted precisely to determine the right and measured correspondence between sin and expiation.
on the concepts of "crime" and "penalty", which is essential in legal science that inspires any sort, will reflect the Italian Cesare Beccaria, the grandfather lit by Alessandro Manzoni, who in turn represent poetically all the ambiguities and contradictions of "positive justice ne The Betrothed and History infamous column.
Meanwhile, with regard to a different level of justice (that concerns the conscience of individuals and not the position of citizens before the law), the momentous changes taking place will gradually thinning towards the concept of sin, refused to as much of morbidly persecution that had accumulated there over the millennia. This character more than anything else connected to the idea or the feeling of shame that dates back centuries and is rooted in tribalism and blood ties: the contexts in which sin is a tare, is generated by the infringement of a taboo and contaminates like a stain.
horror of sin and the consequent need for purification, the clergy of every time he used to control the minds and men, true, but this is not the most significant aspect, namely that the system has kept alive Ethics based on the idea of \u200b\u200bsin. A system that has worked for millennia. In addition to anxiety purification, connect to the idea of \u200b\u200bsin, deliverance from evil, obtainable via the compimeto of ritual acts in the society of the myth, and the idea of \u200b\u200bforgiveness, typical of the 'Christian era.
sin, and that the offense, is recognized as such by the collective conscience, objectivity has to Its so reassuring because it is measurable and therefore punishable can be expiated: that is available to re-enter the circle in which disruption of the (sin or crime) and bitter allow repairs to restore the law that prevails in the right things. Even in this society of myth: Oedipus ends up badly because of 'infringement of the primordial incest taboo, and yet his misfortune was a unanimous recognition that lifts it from the crushing weight of guilt individual place within the framework of the collective. Becoming universal emblem of human guilt, Oedipus is rehabilitated in the eyes of history and the world. be a coincidence that many death row inmates in times of popular culture still impregante performs on the scaffold a few moments before being executed in proposing an effective and even tasty as models to imitate not, berating those present, especially children because they do not give way to the vices and rimassero in the path of virtue?
But it is only with the advent of companies lose that man is the way of final spiritual liberation from sin. It is not just to restore a measure of estipare but sin with forgiveness. An act of forgiveness, love and renewal done countless times ("seventy times seven"), because we are human beings and we need constant confirmation.
true that this new way of thinking about sin (not final and forgivable) has led to businesses unclean (such as the sale of indulgences) and the ridiculous computisteria establishing for all sin, grave or venial, the measure of punishment Correspondent, for example in terms of years months days to spend in Purgatory.
However, the knowledge that they can obtain forgiveness for sins committed on the basis of "only" genuine repentance, enough to illuminate an entire life. And this is the message of many novels of Dostoevsky, Victor Hugo, Manzoni, to name only a few. of forgiveness is perhaps the greatest revolution of all time.
There are risks, of course. Insisting on the authenticity of repentance in the first place (the only prerequisite ottenre for forgiveness), Christianity insists on something which in itself is not measurable because it has to do with the interior. Only its manifestations, and its acts (which may deceive) can be judged objectively. It is not easy even for the sinner to be sure of the purity of his repentance: what we consider that it is sometimes only shame of his own weaknesses (perhaps irreconcilable with a new self-image) and so all in all a form of pride. The so-called sinner could ever have suspected that the forms with which it is trying to atone not outweigh the gravity of the sin of being too entrusted to his "feeling" (subjective). This is a stronger and more ominous possibility in Protestant Christianity, where the rejection of the sacramental character of the confession of sin and delegates responsibility for its interpretation to the only sinner.
The risk is short, that the sense of sin turns into guilt. Ambiguous , pervasive and so vague as to be elusive so slippery, unreliable. This would explain the success of psychoanalysis, which often makes use of the pressure of the discomfort caused by guilt and a desire for absolution. Task which usually takes place in contextualizing the blame so that it is justifiable. And once again tying the men through the fault, as in the societies of pre-Christian myth or (having tried to rid Christianity of guilt dall'atavicità through baptism). If Gianni hurts women because of affective disorders forwarded to him by his mother, the latter in turn can tell right of them acquired from his mother, and so on ad infinitum. Thus, unlike sin, guilt is forgiven but is justified (historicizing it and inserting it in a chain of relationships causalistic). It is justified as denying guilt (ie, presenting it as the necessary result of a series of facts), which ends up making unjust, unable to recognize our responsibilities. Later (after the first raised when we see it is the fault of another) that will make us feel guilty intimanente and perhaps unconsciously, since the roots of our moral conscience suffer from having to tolerate a "cheater." Psychoanalysis risk in this to make us jump back a few thousand years to heal from the despair of guilt forgiven offers us something that is very close to Tara: the ineluctable necessity, the result not of the will of the gods but of insufficient parental figures and even "calibrated" to "lesser gods" in short. As if the free and personal character of spiritual life and the choices it had never been revealed.
Over the past sixty years have witnessed the attempt to dissolve even the concept of guilt (as has already been made to sin) in the name of freedom of desire. Apart from the social and political, it is clear that if the concept of guilt can be ideologically denied with relative ease, no guilt. Why not sink in ideology but in feeling and behavior. Apparently the man is not only rational but also moral being and consciousness of good and evil can not be "liberated." If anything, the guilt is removed, and without falling back into the shady areas of consciousness, where, however, works by taking all elements of chthonic deities and being so out of control, greedy and powerful. For the most naive souls
and fewer defenses (other that they fall asleep under the bark of moral relativism and cynicism) the pressure can become intolerable. The impossibility of forgiveness and atone for mistakes to correct, every little drop makes it unacceptable, because they lived as an indelible stain. Therefore we claim for themselves and their own existence, the absolute perfection. People live with anxiety every little mistake. There is little frightening storm, with results that in extreme cases can be tragic. Why, in front of the spot and in the absence of a culture of forgiveness (which presupposes that of sin), the temptation to destroy everything, tearing the paper on which he was writing and ruined by a drop of ink, can be great. Not be able to destroy and destroy accept imperfect. Disfigured.
few days ago I read about a boy who, after provoking a simple buffer with no dead or wounded, disappeared. Only a tragic sms to a friend, as if the accident had caused irreparable damage to those that make it impossible to resume the normal course of life. I wondered if this guy is not one of those troubled souls who by themselves do not accept mistakes. He decided to tear the paper if the design is not perfect.
If we no longer know what sin, what sin and error thing. If you do not admit that the road to perfection is that of humility in which we show to be poor sinners whose hope is in the forgiveness (of the message to me important Legend of the Holy Drinker J. Roth) is the risk of becoming intolerant to their mistakes and not being able to more objectively assess the extent of a fault or of an offense. Even a slight then handed to the court of conscience, perhaps scupolosa too, can take on a disproportionate significance and push to forms of punishment or self-punishment appalling and unjustified.
say "unjustified", but in the eyes of whom? The eyes that evaluate the relationship between guilt and punishment provide the yardstick, but if the meter was rejected ... if you accept only the conventionally crime (and not to blame), and then for reasons of public policy, that is pure convenience ... Well, then there are the eyes of our consciousness. It does not mean that they are more compassionate than the judge who sentenced her to five years for a little bread, the famous Jean Valjean. Compared to a similar court turns out to be more cruel than those who live in the soul of Pink imploded, the protagonist of The Wall (album and then film of Pink Floyd) and a symbol of humanity sucked into a crazy spiral of subjectivism. Humanity naked in front of Medusa.
0 comments:
Post a Comment